Yes, of course. You don't just have to worry about this in China. I think I have mentioned the story Robert Gates told me about France. He was giving a talk once, during the big flap about the US listening in on Angela Merkel's cell phone. He asked his audience if they had been in Paris in the recent past. Most hands up. He asked if they had taken their laptop with them. All hands up. He asked how many of them had ever left their laptop in their hotel room when they went out for the evincing. Very few hands up. Then he told the hands down folks that while they were out there was a very good chance that the French secret service, which works hand in glove with French state-owned companies, had likely entered their rooms with the knowledge and permission of the hotel. While there, the secret service would have downloaded the contents of your laptop looking for any information that could be of benefit to your French competitors.

Yes, and China is particularly notorious. We had burner laptops and phones anytime anyone had to travel to China, and it was clearly for G-rated email only, no confidential info--primarily for the marketing guys who traveled in/out with some frequency.

Yep. We have always been told that any university-issue laptops could not be taken to China, and the recommendation is also not to take any personal laptops, tablets or phones.