pardoned

"As Harvard Law professor Laurence Tribe explained to Time in 2017, "anyone pardoned by Trump would lose most of the 5th Amendment's protection against compelled testimony that might otherwise have incriminated the pardoned family member or associate, making it much easier for [the Justice Department] and Congress to require such individuals to give testimony that could prove highly incriminating to Trump himself.""

I don't really know. The only thing I know is I would hesitate to take legal advice from Michael Cohen.

In any event, no one can be forced to testify. Courts can impose penalties against those who refuse, like fines and jail time.

Also, I haven't read the pardons themselves. What are people being pardoned for -- any criminal conduct since the day they were born?

Here's the Flynn pardon:

https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/30...read-file/index.html

I think all of DJT's pardons are here:

https://www.justice.gov/pardon...nald-trump#dec222020

How delicious. I love it. The orange fooker need to end up in jail.

Jf

Three thoughts:

One, refusing to testify could result in contempt of court, and someone held in contempt can be jailed indefinitely. (Although, if I recall correctly, at some point, if there's really no realistic belief that they'll change their minds, you have to let them go.)

Two, you can still be in legal jeopardy under state law, and, if so, you can still invoke the Fifth. So, it depends on whether there's a real possibility that truthful testimony could result in criminal jeopardy under state law.

Three, if you do testify, you have to be honest. A pardon in January won't protect you if you commit perjury in February. (Proving perjury isn't easy, though.)